Photo of Prudence Crandall

Prudence Crandall

1803 - 1890
Civil Rights Pioneer; Educator
USA USA

Personal Information

Born: 1803

Died: 1890

Country of Birth: USA

Nationality: USA

Ethnicity: White

Education

Black Hill Quaker School; Moses Brown School

""My whole life has been one of opposition. I never could find anyone near me to agree with me. Even my husband opposed me, more than anyone. He would not let me read the books that he himself read, but I did read them. I read all sides, and searched for the truth whether it was in science, religion, or humanity. I sometimes think I would like to live somewhere else. Here, in Elk Falls, there is nothing for my soul to feed upon. Nothing, unless it comes from abroad in the shape of books, newspapers, and so on. There is no public library, and there are but one or two persons in the place that I can converse with profitably for any length of time. No one visits me, and I begin to think they are afraid of me. I think the ministers are afraid I shall upset their religious beliefs, and advise the members of their congregation not to call on me, but I don't care. I speak on spiritualism sometimes, but more on temperance, and am a self-appointed member of the International Arbitration League. I don't want to die yet. I want to live long enough to see some of these reforms consummated." (Wikipedia); "I said in my heart, here are my convictions. What shall I do? Shall I be inactive and permit prejudice, the mother of abominations, to remain undisturbed? Or shall I venture to enlist in the ranks of those who with the Sword of Truth dare hold combat with prevailing iniquity? I contemplated for a while the manner in which I might best serve the people of color. As wealth was not mine, I saw no other means of benefiting them, than by imparting to those of my own sex that were anxious to learn, all the instruction I might be able to give, however small the amount." (cwhf.org); "

— Prudence Crandall

Professional Life

Field of Study: Civil Rights Pioneer; Educator

Institution/Corporation: State of Connecticut

Degrees & Memberships: Member: International Arbitration League; Women's Christian Temperance Union

Awards & Achievements

Awards: 1995 appointed State Heroine of Connecticut; 1834 Silver Plate presented to her by the Glasgow Emancipation Society; 1994 Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame; 2001 Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame; 2008 a statue of her was erected in the Connecticut State Capital

Achievements: opened 1 of the 1st schools for African-American girls in Connecticut in 1833; was a proponent of equal education for all

opened a school to teach White girls in Canterbury CT in 1831 & admitted her 1st Black student (Sarah Harris) in 1832 thus creating the 1st integrated school in Connecticut

was harassed by White townspeople & families began removing their White daughters

was arrested & tried 3 times for violating Connecticut's Black Law enacted in 1933 making it illegal to teach African-American students from outside the State without the town's permission

the Black Law was initiated & passed in an attempt to get Crandall to close her school

when townspeople told her the school would encourage social equality & marriage between Blacks & Whites she replied, "Moses had a Black wife" (Wikipedia)

closed her school in 1834 after backlash from the townspeople including refusal to sell them groceries or accept the students at local churches, her arrest, the arrest of 1 of her students, poisoning her well, threats, setting fire to the school & breaking most of the windows

the Black Law was subsequently repealed in 1838

fled Connecticut after the closure of the school & vowed to never return

was involved in the temperance & women's suffrage movements

ran a school in La Salle IL

1886 Connecticut awarded her a $400 yearly pension ($13,600 in 2023 dollars) at the urging of Mark Twain & other supporters

1834 her supporters commissioned a painting of her by Francis alexander that is on display at Cornell University & a printed copy hangs at the Prudence Crandall Museum in Canterbury CT that was designated a US National Historic Landmark in 1991

1973 the Prudence Crandall Center for Women (now Prudence Crandall Center, Inc) a domestic violence shelter opened in New Britain CT

1966 an elementary school in Enfield CT named after her opened

arguments from her 3 trials were used in Brown v Board of Education in 1954