![Photo of Penina "Penny" Axelrad](/women_pictures/Axelrad_Penina "Penny".png)
Penina "Penny" Axelrad
Personal Information
Born: Unknown
Country of Birth: USA
Nationality: USA
Ethnicity: White
Education
MIT SB Aeronautical Engineering 1985 & SM Aeronautical & Astronautical Engineering 1986; Stanford University PhD Aeronautics & Astronautics 1991
Professional Life
Field of Study: Aerospace Engineer
Institution/Corporation: University of Colorado
Degrees & Memberships: Member: National Academy of Engineering (2019)Fellow American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics (2008)Fellow ION (2004) Sr. member IEEE (2003)Sigma Xi*Tau Beta Pi
Awards & Achievements
Awards: 2016 Women in Aerospace Educator Award; 2012 Institute of Navigation (ION) Samuel Burka Award; 2011 AIAA Summerfield Book Award; 2009 College of Engineering & Applied Science Max S. Peters Award; 2009 Johannes Kepler Award, Institute of Navigation Satellite division; 2005 ION Outstanding Service Award; 2003 ION Tycho Brahe Award; 1996 AIAA Lawrence Sperry Award; 2017 University of Colorado Excellence in Leadership Award
Achievements: known for research on satellite orbital dynamics & GPS; at University of Colorado developed a graduate lab course in GPS technology & an undergraduate lab course on aerospace electronics & communication; has contributed to a middle-school curriculum on navigation
at MIT was captain of the school fencing team
has been on the faculty of the University of Colorado since 1992
1991 worked for Stanford Telecommunications building receivers which she believes increased her knowledge of GPS