Innovations

developed personal assistant robots. Currently she is a professor of media arts and sciences at MIT and the director of the Personal Robots group at the Media Lab; holds 8 patents

Invented the notion of Data Abstraction & she & her group designed & implemented CLU the 1st programming language to support it; in 1987 introduced The Liskov Substitution principle (with Jeanette Wing) stating objects with a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclass without breaking the application; the principle is used in type theory & in object-oriented programming; has led many significant projects including: Venus operating systems design & implementation of CLU Argus & Thor; holds 15 patents

"Founded: Digital Sisters/Sistas Inc (2000) a company that connects women from poor economic situations with education & training in technology Mitchell Holder Group (1997) a web multimedia management firm TechMedia Swirl (2008) Stopping Online Violence Against Women Inc (2013) Human First Tech (2018); created TechnoDemic-a multimedia competition to help youth learn technology & programming terms; tried to bridge the ""invisible barrier"" that keeps women/girls of color & low-income from access to technology"

2015, founder & CEO of IncluDe Web Design & Development-a softeware development service & solutions for women & minority-owned organizations; 2021 created website for Boston s All Inc;usive tourism campaign

In the 1960s when Hamilton started using the term "software engineering" during the early Apollo missions, software development was not taken seriously compared to other engineering, nor was it regarded as a science. Hamilton was concerned with legitimizing software development as an engineering discipline. Over time the term "software engineering" gained the same respect as any other technical discipline. The IEEE Software September/October 2018 issue celebrates the 50th anniversary of software engineering. Hamilton talks about "Errors" and how they influenced her work related to software engineering and how her language, USL, could be used to prevent the majority of "Errors" in a system.

Bilas and her Chestnut Hill College classmate Kathleen Antonelli were part of a smaller team within the ENIAC team. In addition to their larger programming duties, they were also assigned to the operation of an analog computing machine known as a Differential Analyzer, which was used to calculate ballistics equations

2016 founded Algorithmic Justice League which challenges bias in decision-making software using art; 2011 worked with trachoma program at Carter Center to develop Android-based assessment system for use in Ethiopia; 2013 worked with computer scientists in Zambia to help students become tech creators; her research discovered facial recognition systems found it difficult to identify dark-skinned women; created Aspire Mirror which lets users see a reflection of themselves based on what inspires them; has created 2 films on bias; is CTO for Techturized, Inc a haircare technology company; is working to uncover bias in voice systems; is on Global Technology Panel convened by the Vice President of the European Commission; founded Code 4 Rights in 2014; founded Jovial Designs in 2007; founded Zamrize 2013

co-founder of the non-profit Open mHealth; known for her work on sensor networks, participatory sensing, mobile health, and small data; research activities include technologies for caregiving, immersive health, small data, participatory sensing, and Public Interest Technology; Founding Director of the NSF Center for Embedded Networked Sensing (CENS) at UCLA; pioneering the development of mobile and wireless systems to collect and analyze real time data about the physical world;

develops mathematical and computational fraAbebe's research develops techniques in artificial intelligence and algorithms, with a focus on inequality and distributive justice. Her work includes algorithmic frameworks for examining issues in underserved populations. Her interest in merging inequality studies and computer science stemmed both from her educational background in Ethiopia as well as her study of the Cambridge public schools through attendance of school board meetings. Through these experiences she emphasizes the potential social harms of inequitable algorithmic design in her work. Throughout 2019 Abebe served on the National Institutes of Health Working Group, which was tasked with developing a comprehensive report and recommendations for the NIH. meworks for examining questions related to inequality and distributive justice; founder of the multi-institutional extradisciplinary research initiatives MD4SG & Black in AI; works with the Ethiopian government to improve the algorithm they use to match H.S. students with colleges;

In December 2020, Gebru was the center of a public controversy stemming from her abrupt and contentious departure from Google as technical co-lead of the Ethical Artificial Intelligence Team. Higher management had requested she withdraw an as-yet-unpublished paper or remove the names of all Google coauthors, and said that the paper ignored recent research. She requested insight into the decision and warned that non-compliance would result in her negotiating her departure. Google terminated her employment immediately, stating they were accepting her resignation. Gebru has been recognized widely for her expertise in the ethics of artificial intelligence.

Anderson is a cofounder of Syntience Inc, an independent and privately funded Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Research company founded in 2004. They focus on Deep Neural Network based Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and have developed a superfast algorithm for learning human languages called Organic Learning (OL). Under certain constraints they can claim that OL can learn a useful amount of any language on the planet in five minutes of unsupervised learning from a plaintext 5MB Unicode corpus when running on an old x86 laptop without using a GPU. They are productizing this capability as a RESTful cloud server named Understanding Machine One.

Snyder was one of the first computer scientists to specialize in cybersecurity, and to proactively try to bridge the gap between corporations and the security researchers often termed 'hackers.' She has been a top security officer at Square, Inc.,[2] Apple, Fastly, Intel and Mozilla Corporation. She was also a senior security strategist at Microsoft. She is co-author of Threat Modeling, a standard manual on application security.

In 1997, Sweeney conducted her first re-identification experiment wherein she successfully identified the then Governor of Massachusetts, Bill Weld, to his medical records using publicly accessible records. Her results had a significant impact on privacy centered policy making including the health privacy legislation Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). However publication of the experiment was rejected twenty times. The several re-identification experiments she conducted after this were met with serious publication challenges as well. In 1998 Sweeney and her colleague Pierangela Samarati introduced k-anonymity, as it relates to a property possessed by certain anonymized data. A release of data is said to have the k-anonymity property if the information for each person contained in the release cannot be distinguished from at least k - 1 individuals whose information also appear in the release. In that same year Sweeney published a now famous example about data de-anonymization, demonstrating that a medical dataset that was in the public domain, can be used to identify individuals, regardless the removal of all explicit identifiers, when the medical dataset was combined with a public voter list. Sweeney found that 87% of the US population in a censorship dataset, can be identified by combining data attributes which are known as quasi-identifiers.

In 2001, Sweeney founded the Data Privacy Lab at Carnegie Mellon University. This program is dedicated to teaching and research in areas related to privacy technology. Some of the projects currently underway in the Data Privacy Lab at Harvard School are related to re-identification, discrimination in online ads, privacy-enhanced linking, fingerprint capture, genomic privacy and complex-care patients. The Data Privacy Lab at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte conducts research in various areas like privacy preserving data mining, privacy issues in social networks, privacy aware database generation for software testing and privacy and anonymity in data integration and dissemination.

Boccafuso's primary research focus is designing and developing new socially assistive robots to improve therapeutic outcomes in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Her work also includes exploring novel, sensor-based techniques that advance the utility, safety and acceptance of robots working in close proximity to humans. Laura’s current research features the use of robust robots in free play contexts to autonomously measure differences in emotion response and emotion recognition in toddlers with ASD, validating a new technique for remotely detecting subtle affective state changes to improve the adaptivity of a socially assistive robot and examining the efficacy of novel human-robot interaction design to improve social skills in school-aged children.

During her work programming the ENIAC, Antonelli is credited with the invention of the subroutine. Together with her Eniac colleagues, she developed subroutines, nesting & other fundamental programming techniques & invented the discipline of programming digital computers. She was one of the operators on the Los Alamos nuclear calculations. Antonelli led the group of programmers who converted ENIAC into a stored program computer by March 1948.

Bartik and other human computers had been manually calculating trajectories for the army at the start of World War II. When the Electronic Numeric Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was developed, these calculations could be done by the new electronic computer. Bartik applied to become part of the project and was selected to be one of its first programmers along with five other women (Betty Holberton, Marlyn Wescoff, Kathleen McNulty, Ruth Teitelbaum, and Frances Spence). They were known as the "Sensational Six." While the six women worked on ENIAC, they developed subroutines, nesting, and other fundamental programming techniques, and arguably invented the discipline of programming digital computers.

Holberton invented breakpoints in computer debugging. She was one of those who wrote the first generative programming system (SORT/MERGE). Holberton used a deck of playing cards to develop the decision tree for the binary sort function, and wrote the code to employ a group of ten tape drives to read and write data as needed during the process.

Along with Marlyn Meltzer, Teitelbaum was part of a special area of the ENIAC project to calculate ballistic trajectory equations using analog technology. They taught themselves and others certain functions of the ENIAC and helped prepare the ballistics software.

Astigarraga was offered a internship with IBM Systems Group. Her internship work at IBM gave her perspective in STEM and sparked her software engineering journey. Astigarraga is an Architect/Developer currently working in IBM Watson Research. She has designed and built one of the first Enterprise Blockchain Solution Implementations. Astigarraga is also an IBM Master Inventor with over 84 patents filed. She is passionate about mentoring youth for STEM K-12 outreach.

Her research paper, Tell Me More: Designing HRI to Encourage More Trust, Disclosure, and Companionship (2016) found that vulnerability and expressivity may improve peoples' relationships with robots. In this study, Nneji and her team engaged high school students with robots with low/high vulnerability and low/high expressivity in a learning activity. They found that students were more trusting of vulnerable robots and more communicative with expressive robots. She has also done further research in robotics automation human-centered design & autonomous transportation; founded AKALAKA an information education & support group for people caring for siblings; 2020 co-founded (with her sister) & Director of The Monica Chibuogu Nneji Foundation-a nonprofit that alleviates poverty through health equity educational advice & community empowerment

Cultural competence & DEI (diversity, equity, & inclusion) are main focuses of her research. focuses on identity & cultural competence in computing; developed Computer Science Attitude & Identity Survey to measure the impact of ethnic identity on student attitudes toward & pursuit & persistence in computer science. Author of The Computer Science Attitude and Identity Survey (CSAIS): A Novel Tool for Measuring the Impact of Ethnic Identity in Underrepresented Computer Science Students.

She was a long-time executive, usability leader and key spokesperson for Google (employee No. 20).[5][6][7] Mayer later co-founded Sunshine, a startup technology company.[8]

She has also directed Tennessee State's Project MISET (Minorities in Science, Engineering, and Technology)

Parker is a leading researcher on the interdisciplinary study of human computer interaction (HCI) and personal health information. She designs and evaluates the impact of computer software tools that help people manage their health & wellness through technology. Together with colleagues she developed OrderUP!, a game created to help people make smart choices when ordering food. She has also researched the role of digital fitness trackers and their impact on motivation, and behavioral change.

* Daubechies’ research involves the use of automatic methods from both mathematics, technology, and biology to extract information from samples such as bones and teeth * Construction of compactly supported continuous wavelets that would require only a finite amount of processing * With this, enabling wavelet theory to enter the realm of digital signal processing *Developed image processing technology used to establish the age & authenticity of some of the world's most famous works of art * Worked on the team restoring the Ghent Altarpiece by Hubert & Jan van Eyck * Used machine-learning algorithms to separate features in art restoration.

Bowe founded LINGO, an education technology company in 2022. The company makes projects-based activities for kids. The activities are available in the form of kits including coding kit that teaches hardware and software design. The lessons are self-paced. The first kit was called "In the Driver’s Seat" which taught kids to create and code a back-up sensor for an autonomous car. The company provides kits to children in over 10 countries.

PhD in Physics related field; researched molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) effects on strained material & low-dimensional systems (LDS)

wrote the detailed Operators Manual for the ENIAC around 1945; was an instrumental player in converting the ENIAC from a computer that needed to be reprogrammed each time it was used to one that was able to perform a set of fifty stored instructions;

* Askins used radioactive materials to enhance underexposed images from space revealing details in images from deep space never detected before * Method involved making a 2nd print using the radioactive materials, the resulting print is called an autoradiograph * This technology also used in photo restoration * In x-ray technology it lowers the amount of radiation a patient is exposed to.

Known for work in carbon nanotubes graphite graphite intercalation compounds fullerenes & low-dimensional thermoelectrics; holds 17 patents

Pharmaceutical development of deuterium-enabled chiral switching & chirality in drugs; holds 31 patents

1st hand-powered dish washer using water pressure instead of scrubbers to clean dishes & used hot water; holds 5 patents

Invented first outdoor metal fire escape 1887; 1st woman in the US to submit a patent application without any known assistance from a male; her invention led to the 1st building codes in New York city, they required a second means of exit to escape buildings in an emergencyholds 1 patent

Invented signal flares still used by US Navy; holds 2 patents

African-American inventor who revolutionized the chore of laundry with the invention of the clothes wringer for washing machines

second known African-American woman to receive a United States patent which she received in 1885 for a cabinet bed

invented approximately 87 items les than 30 were patented; most notable invention was for mass-production of flat-bottomed paper bags

at the beginning of WWII with composer George Antheil developed a radio guidance system for Allied torpedoes that used spread spectrum & frequency hopping technology to defeat the threat of jamming by Axis powers; frequency hopping communications system became the basis for WiFi Bluetooth & GPS

co-founded Indefinite Possibilities Conference 2003 to promote educate encourage & support minority women underrepresented in mathematics & statistics; 2020 founder & managing partner of Intersecting Lines LLC a company using creative approaches to empower leaders to use data science statistics & technology to drive business decisions