Women - Women's Innovations

Andrea Elaina Grimes Parker

💻 Computer Science

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Carolyn Beatrice Parker

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Alice Parker

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Charley (Charlotte) Darkey Parkhurst

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Florence Parpart

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Lucy Parsons

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Dolly Parton

📚 Education Literacy

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Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski

⚛️ Physics

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Ruth Patrick

🔍 Aquatic Biologist

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Jennie R. Patrick

⚛️ Chemical Engineering 📚 Educator

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Flora Wambaugh Patterson

🔍 Plant pathologist 🔍 mycologist

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Alice Paul

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Barbara Paulson

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Michelle Payne

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Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin

⚛️ Astrophysics 🔬 Astrochemistry

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⚛️ Astrophysics 🔬 Astrochemistry

1925, proposed stars were composed primarily of hydrogen & helium
Became a US citizen in 1931
Showed how to decode the complicated spectra of starlight in order to learn the relative amounts of the chemical elements of the stars
1925 proposal was rejected because it went against the belief the Sun & Earth were primarily made of approximately the same elements
1956, 1st female professor & 1st female department chair at Harvard
Completed her studies at Cambridge but was not awarded a degree because the school did not award degrees to women until 1948
1925, 1st person to earn a PhD in astronomy from Radcliffe College
Henry Norris Russell was generally credited for the conclusions she reached
Her studies & data on variable stars were used to determine the paths of stellar evolution
spent her entire academic career at Harvard
1st recipient of the Annie Jump Cannon Award in 1934

Born: 1900

Country: Great Britain

Education: Newnham College Cambridge never received a degree even though she completed all requirements because Cambridge did not award degrees to women until 1948; Harvard University PhD Astronomy 1925

Sylvia Pedler

🎨 Fashion Designer

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Mary Engle Pennington

🔬 Bacteriological Chemistry ⚛️ Refrigeration Engineering

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Elizabeth Jean Wanamaker Peratrovich

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Nancy Perkins

💡 Inventor

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Frances Perkins

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Gisella Perl

⚕️ Medicine 🔍 Gynecology

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Radia Joy Perlman

💻 Computer Science ⚛️ Network Engineering

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Antoinette Perry

🔍 Theater

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Lulu Hunt Peters

🔬 Food Sciences - Counting Calories

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Esther Peterson

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Helen Petrie

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Lucile Petry Leone

⚕️ Nursing ⚕️ Public Health

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Clarice Evone Phelps

🔬 Nuclear Chemistry

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🔬 Nuclear Chemistry

Part of the team that discovered tennessine
Researches the processing of radioactive transuranic elements at the US Dept of Energy Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL)
1st African-American female involved in the discovery of a chemical element, the 2nd heaviest known element
Previously investigated the industrial uses of nickel-63 & selenium-75
Struggled academically in college
Couldn't find a job after graduation & joined the Navy; went to Nuclear Power School & learned "how to study" & graduated in the top 10% of her class
Spent 4 years on the USS Ronald Reaganoperating the nuclear reactor & steam generator chemistry controls
At a gala at ORNL to celebrate tennessine her name was left off the list & off a plaque; the lab claimed the error was quickly corrected but she fought for several months to have her name added to the plaque before they acquiesced
Is involved in several outreach programs to increase youth participation in STEM

Born: 1981

Country: USA

Education: Tennessee State University BS Chemistry 2000; University of Texas Austin MS Mechanical Engineering 2020; currently a PhD student at University of Tennessee Knoxville