Innovations

With a Bachelor’s degree in art history and a Master’s degree in cultural studies, as well as professional experience in several major cultural institutions including the Walters Art Museum and the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Hillary ensures the Makeup Museum solidifies makeup's rightful place in museums and academia. Above all, she strives for for the Museum to be an agent of change within the cosmetics industry and beyond through analyzing both makeup history and contemporary beauty culture. Specialties include the overlap of fine art, art history and makeup, ‘90s/Y2K cosmetics, and little-known makeup histories.

The object of my invention is to enable the wearer of a mustache to convey soup and other liquids to his mouth by means of a spoon without danger of soiling or disfiguring his mustache; and this object I attain by combining with the bowl of a spoon a shield, a, in the manner shown in the perspective view, Figure 1, the shield being such that, while it permits the user of the spoon to receive into the bowl by the usual dipping process a proper quantity of soup, the latter can be conveyed to the mouth without any portion of the liquid being brought into contact with the mustache.

In 1987, Curtis filed a US patent application that subsequently issued as Patent No. 4,753,647. This is a modification of a diaper with a moisture-proof pocket containing wipes that can be taken out and used with one hand. Curtis refused to allow her invention to be marketed until companies started selling biodegradable diapers. The full statutory term of this patent expired February 20, 2007, and it is now in the public domain. She filed a second US patent application related to disposable diapers in 2016 which issued as US Patent 9,827,151.

Donovan, a mother tired of changing wet crib sheets, strongly felt that cloth diapers served "more as a wick than a sponge.” Donovan ripped her shower curtain off of the hanger, cut it into pieces, and sewed it into a waterproof diaper cover with snaps instead of safety pins. This led to a diaper cover with an insert for an absorbent diaper panel and a breathable parachute cloth. However, no big names manufacturers were interested, so she started manufacturing herself. In 1949, her waterproof diaper was a great success at Saks Fifth Avenue. A couple years later, she sold her company and her patents to Keko Corporation for a million dollars because even though she considered continuing her creation of a diaper with absorbent paper, executives apparently were not interested. The first mass-produced disposable diaper, Pampers, did not hit the shelves until 1961. Donovan's invention was made famous by Procter and Gamble in 1961 under the name Pampers.

Harper invented the reclining shampoo chair & cut-out sink to enhance the comfort of her customers. Her salons also offered scalp massage, child care, and evening hours. The hair products her company produced were intended to be healthier than those widely available at the time and were made largely with natural products.

In 1977, Smith was working with Lisa Lindahl on costumes for the William Shakespeare Festival. Lindahl was a keen athlete, and expressed discomfort when running in a regular bra. Together they came up with the design for a sports bra, and worked with Hinda Miller to source the materials and conduct a test run. When Smith visited New York for work, she returned with new fabrics – elastics and Lycra – and created a bra for Lindahl's measurements. Lindahl and Miller co-founded Jogbra, Inc.

Walker designed a method of grooming to promote hair growth and to condition the scalp through the use of her products. The system included a shampoo, a pomade stated to help hair grow, strenuous brushing, and applying iron combs to hair. Walker claimed that method made lackluster and brittle hair soft and luxuriant. In addition to training in sales and grooming, Walker showed other black women how to budget and build businesses and encouraged them to become financially independent. In 1917, inspired by the model of the National Association of Colored Women, Walker began organizing her sales agents into state and local clubs. She became the first female self-made millionaire in America according to the Guinness Book of World Records.

* Moore did research on the distribution and differences in blood types between Black and white Americans at Howard University College of Medicine. * The diverse university population included African Americans as a random sample for Black Americans. * Moore's experiment determined ABO blood types and the subgroups of ABO that are MN and Rh. * Comparison of her results to those of the other experiments suggested that Rh blood types might be a good starting ground for studying and building a foundation of knowledge about different racial backgrounds.

* Jeanes’ research led to the isolation of dextran-producing bacteria, providing for development of a mass production process * Dextran used in a dextran-based blood plasma extender, keeping someone who had lost a great deal of blood alive longer. * Used by medical personal in the Korean and Vietnam wars to treat injured soldiers. * Jeanes was the first woman to receive the Distinguished Service Award given by the Department of Agriculture in 1953.

* Lee said that she learned how to take blood, read blood cell counts, and identify blood types working in the Hemotology Lab at Los Alamos. * She was sent to different sites of the Manhattan Project where she would draw blood from individuals. * While working in the hematology lab at Los Alamos, Lee was assigned specific scientists to monitor, including Enrico Fermi.

* Pool discovered cryoprecipitation, a process for creating concentrated blood clotting factors for the treatment of hemophilia. * She observed that factor VIII can be simply & cheaply prepared from human plasma & can easily & safely be given to hemophiliac patients.

earliest known named author in world history; was rediscovered by archeologists in 1927; is believed to have written "The Exaltation of Inanna," "Inanna & Ebih," & Sumerian temple hymns

Dickenson and her infant daughter Angelina were among the survivors of the Battle of the Alamo in 1836

her fight for the rights of women & her insistent advocacy of her legal prerogatives as an unmarried gentlewoman of property were unusual for the times but consistent with English law; land she purchased in Virginia later became Old Town Alexandria & Fredericksburg & George Washington's Mount Vernon; today she is recognized as a "Founding Mother of Maryland"

her images documented the devastating effects of the Great Depression on American workers in the south especially African Americans; one of her earlier bodies of documentary work is a set of photographs of Pennsylvania coal miners she took for Survey Graphic; her photos showed the hardships of ordinary people who united to work for a better future in the face of adversity

* Alvord combines modern medical treatments with traditional Native American healing practices * Board certified as a surgeon. * Realizing that simply "fixing" the physical problem was not sufficient to fully cure a patient, Alvord began to address the psychological and spiritual aspects of healing as well. This led to a more holistic approach to medicine * Her autobiography, entitled "The Scalpel and the Silver Bear," describes her work to combine traditional Navajo philosophies of healthcare with Western medicine * research interests focus on Native American healthcare with surgical outcomes and decision-making in Native American patients.

Parker felt that the fireplace alone was not enough to keep her and her home warm during the cold New Jersey winter, and went on to design the first gas furnace that was powered by natural gas and the first heating system to contain individually controlled air ducts that distributed heat evenly throughout the building. In more technical terms, Parker's heating system used independently controlled burner units that drew in cold air and conveyed the heat through a heat exchanger. This air was then fed into individual ducts to control the amount of heat in different areas.[6][2] What made her invention particularly unique, was that it was a form of "zone heating" where temperature can be moderated in different parts of a building.[

filed patent 1957 & it was granted in 1959 for the fitted sheet with elastic garters to keep it snug & tight;

discovered 1-MCP to keep fruit, vegetables & flowers fresh by suppressing ethylene; holds 2 patents

Discovered the Xh & Pa 1 antigens are identical & could be isotypic markers & ultimately concluded the isotypic specificity among the higher mammals arose during the specification process

Known for studies on memory & the misinformation effect false memories & criticism of recovered memories therapies; her studies determined memory is fragile & more unreliable than previously thought & can be manipulated; espouses controversial therories in psychology

2014 captured by ISIS & held as a sex slave for 3 months before escaping to Germany; 2016 established Nadia's Inititative to focus on the sustainable redevelopment of the Yazidi homeland in Iraq; advocates for survivors of genocide & sexual violence; used Nobel Prize money to found Global Survivor's Fund with Dr. Mukwege; worked with German Mission to the UN to pass UN Security Council Resolution 2467 which expanded the UN's committments to end sexual violence in conflict & Resolution 2379 which established UN Investigative Team to Promote Accountability for Crimes Committed by Da'esh/ISIL (UNITAD); 2020 worked with UK Government to establish Murad Code a global consultative initiative aimed at building & supporting a community of better practices for with & concerning survivors of conflict-related sexual violence

* Epps' early research at Howard focused on immunology, specifically the study of tropical and infectious diseases. * Epps' research at Johns Hopkins investigated immunology related to liver disease, stomach cancer, and alpha-1-fetoprotein. * In 1993, Epps was commissioned by the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences to write "Increasing Minority Participation in the Health Professions—The Problem of Under-representation and An Inventory and Analysis of Effective Strategies and Problems."

* Eng was appointed Senior Advisor for Knowledge Management (2008-2013) at Nuclear Regulatory Commission * Knowledge Management emerged as a scientific discipline in the early 1990s * Objective of knowledge management is to manage and maximize the intangible assets of an organization * Includes Techno-centric with a focus on technology, ideally those that enhance knowledge sharing and creation * Includes Organisational focus on how an organisation can be designed to facilitate knowledge processes best * Includes Ecological focus on the interaction of people, identity, knowledge, and environmental factors as a complex adaptive system akin to a natural ecosystem.

a founder of the field of Critical Race theiory; 2011 founder & Director of the Center for Intersectionality & Social Policy Studies at Columbia Law School; 1991 assisted the legal team representing Anita Hill at the US Senate confirmation hearings for Supreme Court Justice Clarence thomas; 1996 co-founder & Executive director of African American Policy Forum (AAPF) a think tank focused on dismantling structural inequality & advancing & expanding racial justice, gender equality, & the indivisibility of all human rights in the US & internationally; 1989 coined the term "intersectionality" as a way to explain the oppression of African-American women; her work in intersectionality was instrumental in drafting the equality clause in the Constitution of South Africa; with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation facilitates the Bellagio Project an international network of scholars working in the field of social inclusion from 5 continents

Inventor of the Lower Body Negative Press (LBNP) Chamber to enable exercise in space

held 26 patents: 5 on mathematical dividers, 13 on arc lamps & electrodes, & 8 on the propulsion of air; her interest in vortices in water & air inspired the Ayrton fan or flapper used in trenches during WWI to dispel poison & gases; helped found the International Federation of University women in 1919 & the National Union of Scientific workers in 1920; developed the Ayrton Equation that exhibited a linear relation between arc lengths, pressure, & potential difference

two inventions, the bed rack allowed people to expose their worn bedclothes to fresh air and torpedo discharge mechanism was a highly technical device requiring extensive submarine operations knowledge &a complicated pneumatically-operated device that allowed the firing of torpedoes below the water’s surface;

1984 invented Ansa Baby Bottle & founded Ansa Bottle Company (sold in 1993) with her husband to produce & sell them; co-creator of the Aeroleaf Bagger a portable, aerodynamically designed leaf blower vacuum alternative with net leaf bags that can be used on lawns and hard surfaces that works with any leaf blower;

1915 invented & patented improved suspenders

Reportedly held 2 patents for corset improvements but only 1 was located

is responsible for developing the animation for making GIFs and other groundbreaking video technology such as Joost, Brightcove, Shockwave, and Hulu; 2016 co-founded and took on the role of Chief Executive Officer of tEQuitable, a start-up that provides an independent and confidential platform to address issues of bias, harassment, and discrimination in the workplace; invented Shockwave, a multimedia platform that laid the foundation for the modern web while Director of Program Management at Macromedia; helped to improve HealthCare.gov, reducing the number of individual pages and overall application time; she led the team that built the College Scorecard, an online tool for comparing the cost and value of higher education institutions in the United States; co-founded Emotient, which uses artificial intelligence to analyze facial expressions; co-founded Techturized Inc., a company whose mission is developing tech solutions specifically geared toward women of color;

working to make reliable ultra-fast wireless connectivity a reality; her research will enable devices like next-generation cellphones & autonomous vehicles; co-director of Princeton NextG industry affiliates program; led the tam that team developed a system that captures ripeness information from inside fruit using wireless signals that penetrate fruit peels without physically touching or damaging the fruit, they named the system AgriTera; founder of the Wireless Distinguished Seminar Series at Princeton;

invented & patented (none found) a hip satchel made out of old jeans

invented game, "Boys Scoot Over. Girls Advance to the Top," "Tooth-Fairy Light" (a blinking light for children) & "SHHHH Machine" (a mechanism that uses a decibel meter to indicate when a classroom, for example, is getting too noisy);

invented Door Plate and Card Receiver;

invented Means for Operating Egg Beaters, Hot-water heating device & Apple corer

invented Improvement in the modes of forming air-chambers in dental-plates, & Improvement in cooking-stoves

1870 invented Improvement in combined dressing bureau & bath tubs

1877 invented Improvement in stone pavements