Innovations

1924 President of NCNW; co-founder with William Trent & Frederick D. Patterson of the United Negro Fund in 1944; one of the earliest Black female activists who helped lay the foundation to the modern civil rights movement; 1904 founded Daytona Beach Literary & Industrial Institute for Negro Girls; school merged with Cookman Institute in 1926 & became Bethune-Cookman College (now University) in 1929; co-owner of a Daytona Beach resort that allowed Blacks to access the beach; co-founder Central Life Insurance Company of Tampa; 1911 founded the 1st Black hospital & nursing program in Daytona; organized the 1st officer candidate schools for Black women; founded the Delinquent Home for Colored Girls in Ocala Forida; was Director of Afro-American Life Insurance Company

seeks to understand global climate change & identify the natural & anthropogenic causes; she & her team collected ancient coral fragments from the islands of Kiribati & Palmyra in the Pacific, aged them with uranium-thorium dating & used the oxygen isotope ratio cycle to measure the intensity of El Nino & La Nina events over the last 7,000 years; is looking for real-world solutions to the climate crisis

Hawley and her aunt drove cancer patients to and from treatment, and Hawley provided gift cards for gas, food, and hotels for those in need on her reservation, where many live below the poverty level and lack transportation and cell phone service. She also offered support workshops to connect anyone with medical hardships to available services. see https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/18/us/montana-cancer-native-american-reservation-food-insecurity-cnnheroes/index.html

On its website, Eldera bills itself as a “virtual village with a human soul.” The company got its start in March 2020, at a time when many people of all ages were stuck at home and craving connection. But Griffin says the platform’s impact hasn’t waned even as much of society has returned to in-person gatherings. And she says its AI algorithm, which helps match people using about 200 different variables based on their answers to a detailed questionnaire, has gotten even better over time. In addition to conducting criminal background checks of prospective mentors, the company also uses AI to monitor Zoom conversations between mentors and mentees, which are recorded, to make sure interactions are safe and respectful.

* In the early 1970s, Appelhof began experimenting with worms and organic waste. Her home worm container would become a new career. * Her vision at the time of the Stockholm Conference for the Human Environment (1972) was "tons of worms could be eating tons of garbage." * Soon she was publicly advocating using the earthworm to recycle food waste. * As "Worm Woman," she introduced thousands of schoolchildren and home gardeners to vermicomposting. * Her 1982 book Worms Eat My Garbage is still held as seminal reading in the field of vermicomposting.

Developed a word processor for Braille documents, a digital library for Braille documents an app for improving accessibility of streaming devices Netscape browser plug-in that converts text to speech and a suitcase that allows visually impaired people to navigate in a crowded or changing environment

Led team that developed PDA; holds 14 patents

developement of improved robotic perception & creation of better method to analyze medical images; holds 3 patents

Chief Technology Officer for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, and known for her outspoken support of diversity and inclusion. She has worked at companies including GitHub, Google, Slack, Patreon, and Microsoft. She gained prominence in 2015 for starting an internal spreadsheet where Google employees reported their salary data to better understand pay disparities within the company.

1971 created first word processsor Data Secretary; designed computer systems for buiness use including computer-controlled system for airline reservations (1962) US Army firing-range coputations calculating controlled distribution of magazines first computerized banking system and betting system for horse racing tracks; holds 13 patents (only 8 found)

educational mobile robotics & enhanced human-robotic interfaces. She is professor of electrical and computer engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology. She is co-director of the Rose Building Undergraduate Diversity (ROSE-BUD) program. She is a co-founder of Black In Engineering and a co-founder of Black In Robotics.

developed personal assistant robots. Currently she is a professor of media arts and sciences at MIT and the director of the Personal Robots group at the Media Lab; holds 8 patents

Brown invented several computer uses for automated speech recognition, including a Natural Language Call Router, and developed data collection methods using automatic speech recognition (ASR). She is the 1st black woman to earn a PhD in applied mathematics/Computer Science from Harvard and is also a classically trained pianist. Brown holds 16 patents.

uses art & research to illuminate the social implications of AI

Human-centered computing & broadening participation in STEM. known for her work in the field of human-centered computing and broadening participation in STEM.[2][3][4][5] She is a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science at Duke University.

Runs the Social Innovations Group at Michigan School of Information where they design build & enhance technology to solve real-world problems & support the needs of marginalized people; holds 4 patents

Beginning at NASA, Easley analyzed alternative power technologies, supported the Centaur high-energy upper rocket stage, determined solar, wind and energy projects, and identified energy conversion systems and alternative systems to solve energy problems. During the 1970s Easley worked on a project examining damage to the ozone layer. With massive cuts in the NASA space program, Easley began working on energy problems; her energy assignments included studies to determine the life use of storage batteries, such as those used in electric utility vehicles. Her computer applications have been used to identify energy conversion systems that offer the improvement over commercially available technologies. Following the energy crisis of the late 1970s Easley studied the economic advantages of co-generating power plants that obtained byproducts from coal and steam.

Trained as a mathematician, Hoover used her knowledge of symbolic logic and feedback theory to program the control mechanisms of a call center to use data about incoming calls to impose order on the whole system. It used computer electronic methods to monitor the frequency of incoming calls at different times. Her method gave priority to processes that were concerned with the input and output of the switch over processes that were less important such as record keeping and billing. The computer, as a result, would adjust the call center's acceptance rate automatically, greatly reducing the overloading problem. The system became known as stored program control.

*a pioneer of computer programming *first to devise the theory of machine-independent programming languages; *believed data processors should be able to write their programs in English & the computer should then turn it into code this became the basis for COBOL; *invented one of the first linkers; her team worked on Flow-Matic (1st program language to use regular English words);

research interests include human-robot interaction assistive/rehabilitation robotics science-driven/field robotics and perception learning and reasoning; developed autonomous next-generation Mars Rover (SmartNav) & SnoMotes designed to explore the Antarctic ice shelf to study the impact of global warming & go where it was too dangerous for scientists to go; while at Axcelis Inc helped develop Envolver the 1st commercial genetic algorithm & Brainsheet a neural network developed in partnership with Microsoft; holds 4 patents

Invented the notion of Data Abstraction & she & her group designed & implemented CLU the 1st programming language to support it; in 1987 introduced The Liskov Substitution principle (with Jeanette Wing) stating objects with a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclass without breaking the application; the principle is used in type theory & in object-oriented programming; has led many significant projects including: Venus operating systems design & implementation of CLU Argus & Thor; holds 15 patents

Considered to be the author of the 1st computer algorithm ( to compute Bernoulli numbers for Charles Babbagte's Analytical Engine); was the 1st person to believe computers could be used for more than calculations such as to represent music;

2018 CEO DataedX-a social impact business that provides educational resources & training in recognizing algorithmic harms & humanizing data for data educators scholars & practitioners; has worked on problems ranging from recommending more refined algorithms for music recommendations to designing cost-effective cybersecurity measures to harnessing the power of eye tracking to better design products for consumers; Principle Investigator of the Data Science eXtension (DSX) program funded by NSF grant

"Founded: Digital Sisters/Sistas Inc (2000) a company that connects women from poor economic situations with education & training in technology Mitchell Holder Group (1997) a web multimedia management firm TechMedia Swirl (2008) Stopping Online Violence Against Women Inc (2013) Human First Tech (2018); created TechnoDemic-a multimedia competition to help youth learn technology & programming terms; tried to bridge the ""invisible barrier"" that keeps women/girls of color & low-income from access to technology"

Network and security protocols;invented the algorithm behind the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP 1985) to provide redundancy between network points; invented Trill protocol to correct some of the shortcomings of spanning trees allowing Ethernet to use optimal use of bandwidth; started the new field of tangible user interface; was the primary designer of DECnet Iv & V & IS-IS made major contributions to Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP); has written 2 textbooks Interconnections & Network Security; 153 patents found

2015, founder & CEO of IncluDe Web Design & Development-a softeware development service & solutions for women & minority-owned organizations; 2021 created website for Boston s All Inc;usive tourism campaign

Sephus is cofounder and chief executive officer of Bean Path, a nonprofit startup company developing Jackson Tech District, a planned community and business incubator in Jackson, Mississippi. As a computer engineer, she specialized in machine learning and algorithmic bias identification. She was a technology evangelist at Amazon Web Services.

director of the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory[1] in Illinois. Her research includes topics such as performance analysis, power analysis, and resiliency. She is known for her work on "Prophesy," described as "a database used to collect and analyze data to predict the performance on different applications on parallel systems."[2]

Interests are related to multi-agent & multi-robot systems, user interfaces, & their effect on trust, autonomous robot teams, computer science education, & broadening participation for people of color

Xia was known for pioneering research in computer science & technology in China. She made numerous contributions to high-speed computers in China; 1978, helped found Chinese Journal of computers & 1986 Journal of computer Science & Technology; 1956, taught Chinas 1st course in computer theory & wrote "Principles of the electronic computer" the 1st systemic computer science textbook in China; developed methodologies that could more accurately predict variations in frequency & amplitude within electronic systems; 1981, developed a high-speed processor array called 150AP.

In the 1960s when Hamilton started using the term "software engineering" during the early Apollo missions, software development was not taken seriously compared to other engineering, nor was it regarded as a science. Hamilton was concerned with legitimizing software development as an engineering discipline. Over time the term "software engineering" gained the same respect as any other technical discipline. The IEEE Software September/October 2018 issue celebrates the 50th anniversary of software engineering. Hamilton talks about "Errors" and how they influenced her work related to software engineering and how her language, USL, could be used to prevent the majority of "Errors" in a system.

Bilas and her Chestnut Hill College classmate Kathleen Antonelli were part of a smaller team within the ENIAC team. In addition to their larger programming duties, they were also assigned to the operation of an analog computing machine known as a Differential Analyzer, which was used to calculate ballistics equations

2016 founded Algorithmic Justice League which challenges bias in decision-making software using art; 2011 worked with trachoma program at Carter Center to develop Android-based assessment system for use in Ethiopia; 2013 worked with computer scientists in Zambia to help students become tech creators; her research discovered facial recognition systems found it difficult to identify dark-skinned women; created Aspire Mirror which lets users see a reflection of themselves based on what inspires them; has created 2 films on bias; is CTO for Techturized, Inc a haircare technology company; is working to uncover bias in voice systems; is on Global Technology Panel convened by the Vice President of the European Commission; founded Code 4 Rights in 2014; founded Jovial Designs in 2007; founded Zamrize 2013

worked at IBM; holds approximately 650 patents in areas of cloud, mobile, IoT, social, security, AI, cognitive & commerce with approximately 350 pending; her inventions include a way for people on conference calls to get alerts when a certain topic comes up or a certain person starts talking; a system that can guide cell-phone users as they walk and talk so they don’t lose service; a necklace that lights up every time a given Twitter hashtag is used; and a locator service in cars that can track items like, say, a wallet that falls under the seat.; has written 2 children's books, "A Robot Story" published 2013 that teaches binary & "The Internet of Mysterious Things" published in 2017 that is the 1st ever children's book with embedded NFC tags on each page

first woman to execute modern-style code on a computer; made significant contributions to the world of programming, including work on the Monte Carlo method (a method to store and analyze large quantities of data and make predictions on everything from elections to COVID-19 trend forecasting), ENIAC, and MANIAC; programmed the MANIAC I machine, which could store data, designed by her husband and Julian Bigelow; worked on the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) on a project with her husband to produce the first successful meteorological forecast on a computer; designed new controls for ENIAC;

co-founder of the non-profit Open mHealth; known for her work on sensor networks, participatory sensing, mobile health, and small data; research activities include technologies for caregiving, immersive health, small data, participatory sensing, and Public Interest Technology; Founding Director of the NSF Center for Embedded Networked Sensing (CENS) at UCLA; pioneering the development of mobile and wireless systems to collect and analyze real time data about the physical world;

with her husband, Arthur Breitman, developed Tezos to address issues that had become challenges in other blockchain ecosystems, particularly around scalability and governance; introduced a self-amending blockchain, reducing the need for hard forks by enabling in-protocol upgrades; co-founder of Coase, a software company that aspires to lower transaction costs;

invented Random Early Detection (RED) for congestion control, an active queue management scheme; with Van Jacobson founded the field of Active Queue Management (AQM); devised the now-common method of adding delay jitter to message timers to avoid synchronization; 1997 with Vern Paxson identified the lack of knowledge of network topology as the major obstacle in understanding how the Internet works; co-author on the standard for TCP Selective acknowledgement (SACK), Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) and TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC);

was one of the co-developers of the programming language Smalltalk-80, which is a computer software that simplifies the programming language, and has been an influence on other programming languages such as Python, C, and Java; developed many concepts related to object-oriented programming; with Alan Kay was involved in the development of design templates, forerunners of the design patterns later used in software design; 1976 with Kay wrote the influential article "Personal Dynamic Media", which predicted a world in which ordinary individuals would use notebook computers to exchange, modify, and redistribute personal media; 1988 left PARC to cofound ParcPlace Systems, a company that created development tools for Smalltalk-based applications; 1999 cofounded Neometron, Inc. an Internet support provider; she co-wrote the seminal book on Smalltalk-80 with David Robson, another on the programming tools and user interface concepts, and a third with Kenneth Rubin on how the new technology impacts professional approaches to software development project management; co-founded AgileMind, a provider of Internet and classroom-based support for K-12 teachers and students;

co-founder of the field of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) with Paul Cashman it is the science of interaction between people and their machines; 1988 edited "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, A Book of Readings," the first book in the field; ran a team in the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science that developed systems to allow co-authoring and shared and real-time collaboration; she and her team produced Version Manager for the hugely successful 1-2-3 spreadsheet program; played a key role in the strategy for Domino, a Lotus web-based business collaboration suite that included enterprise-grade email, workflow and security features; her evangelism of synchronous communications, or chat, led to Sametime, Lotus’s real-time communications platform and the first channel for delivering Lotus Notes mail on the PalmPilot; 2007 her team, in partnership with IBM’s Visual Communications Lab, delivered Many Eyes, a service that connected groups to data graphics to help them collectively analyze information; her innovations include Reinvent Email, business activities, and social bookmarking;