Innovations

Developed a word processor for Braille documents, a digital library for Braille documents an app for improving accessibility of streaming devices Netscape browser plug-in that converts text to speech and a suitcase that allows visually impaired people to navigate in a crowded or changing environment

Led team that developed PDA; holds 14 patents

developement of improved robotic perception & creation of better method to analyze medical images; holds 3 patents

Chief Technology Officer for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, and known for her outspoken support of diversity and inclusion. She has worked at companies including GitHub, Google, Slack, Patreon, and Microsoft. She gained prominence in 2015 for starting an internal spreadsheet where Google employees reported their salary data to better understand pay disparities within the company.

1971 created first word processsor Data Secretary; designed computer systems for buiness use including computer-controlled system for airline reservations (1962) US Army firing-range coputations calculating controlled distribution of magazines first computerized banking system and betting system for horse racing tracks; holds 13 patents (only 8 found)

educational mobile robotics & enhanced human-robotic interfaces. She is professor of electrical and computer engineering at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology. She is co-director of the Rose Building Undergraduate Diversity (ROSE-BUD) program. She is a co-founder of Black In Engineering and a co-founder of Black In Robotics.

Brown invented several computer uses for automated speech recognition, including a Natural Language Call Router, and developed data collection methods using automatic speech recognition (ASR). She is the 1st black woman to earn a PhD in applied mathematics/Computer Science from Harvard and is also a classically trained pianist. Brown holds 16 patents.

uses art & research to illuminate the social implications of AI

Human-centered computing & broadening participation in STEM. known for her work in the field of human-centered computing and broadening participation in STEM.[2][3][4][5] She is a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science at Duke University.

Runs the Social Innovations Group at Michigan School of Information where they design build & enhance technology to solve real-world problems & support the needs of marginalized people; holds 4 patents

research interests include human-robot interaction assistive/rehabilitation robotics science-driven/field robotics and perception learning and reasoning; developed autonomous next-generation Mars Rover (SmartNav) & SnoMotes designed to explore the Antarctic ice shelf to study the impact of global warming & go where it was too dangerous for scientists to go; while at Axcelis Inc helped develop Envolver the 1st commercial genetic algorithm & Brainsheet a neural network developed in partnership with Microsoft; holds 4 patents

Invented the notion of Data Abstraction & she & her group designed & implemented CLU the 1st programming language to support it; in 1987 introduced The Liskov Substitution principle (with Jeanette Wing) stating objects with a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclass without breaking the application; the principle is used in type theory & in object-oriented programming; has led many significant projects including: Venus operating systems design & implementation of CLU Argus & Thor; holds 15 patents

director of the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory[1] in Illinois. Her research includes topics such as performance analysis, power analysis, and resiliency. She is known for her work on "Prophesy," described as "a database used to collect and analyze data to predict the performance on different applications on parallel systems."[2]

Interests are related to multi-agent & multi-robot systems, user interfaces, & their effect on trust, autonomous robot teams, computer science education, & broadening participation for people of color

worked at IBM; holds approximately 650 patents in areas of cloud, mobile, IoT, social, security, AI, cognitive & commerce with approximately 350 pending; her inventions include a way for people on conference calls to get alerts when a certain topic comes up or a certain person starts talking; a system that can guide cell-phone users as they walk and talk so they don’t lose service; a necklace that lights up every time a given Twitter hashtag is used; and a locator service in cars that can track items like, say, a wallet that falls under the seat.; has written 2 children's books, "A Robot Story" published 2013 that teaches binary & "The Internet of Mysterious Things" published in 2017 that is the 1st ever children's book with embedded NFC tags on each page

first woman to execute modern-style code on a computer; made significant contributions to the world of programming, including work on the Monte Carlo method (a method to store and analyze large quantities of data and make predictions on everything from elections to COVID-19 trend forecasting), ENIAC, and MANIAC; programmed the MANIAC I machine, which could store data, designed by her husband and Julian Bigelow; worked on the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) on a project with her husband to produce the first successful meteorological forecast on a computer; designed new controls for ENIAC;

invented Random Early Detection (RED) for congestion control, an active queue management scheme; with Van Jacobson founded the field of Active Queue Management (AQM); devised the now-common method of adding delay jitter to message timers to avoid synchronization; 1997 with Vern Paxson identified the lack of knowledge of network topology as the major obstacle in understanding how the Internet works; co-author on the standard for TCP Selective acknowledgement (SACK), Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) and TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC);

was one of the co-developers of the programming language Smalltalk-80, which is a computer software that simplifies the programming language, and has been an influence on other programming languages such as Python, C, and Java; developed many concepts related to object-oriented programming; with Alan Kay was involved in the development of design templates, forerunners of the design patterns later used in software design; 1976 with Kay wrote the influential article "Personal Dynamic Media", which predicted a world in which ordinary individuals would use notebook computers to exchange, modify, and redistribute personal media; 1988 left PARC to cofound ParcPlace Systems, a company that created development tools for Smalltalk-based applications; 1999 cofounded Neometron, Inc. an Internet support provider; she co-wrote the seminal book on Smalltalk-80 with David Robson, another on the programming tools and user interface concepts, and a third with Kenneth Rubin on how the new technology impacts professional approaches to software development project management; co-founded AgileMind, a provider of Internet and classroom-based support for K-12 teachers and students;

co-founder of the field of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) with Paul Cashman it is the science of interaction between people and their machines; 1988 edited "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, A Book of Readings," the first book in the field; ran a team in the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science that developed systems to allow co-authoring and shared and real-time collaboration; she and her team produced Version Manager for the hugely successful 1-2-3 spreadsheet program; played a key role in the strategy for Domino, a Lotus web-based business collaboration suite that included enterprise-grade email, workflow and security features; her evangelism of synchronous communications, or chat, led to Sametime, Lotus’s real-time communications platform and the first channel for delivering Lotus Notes mail on the PalmPilot; 2007 her team, in partnership with IBM’s Visual Communications Lab, delivered Many Eyes, a service that connected groups to data graphics to help them collectively analyze information; her innovations include Reinvent Email, business activities, and social bookmarking;

develops mathematical and computational fraAbebe's research develops techniques in artificial intelligence and algorithms, with a focus on inequality and distributive justice. Her work includes algorithmic frameworks for examining issues in underserved populations. Her interest in merging inequality studies and computer science stemmed both from her educational background in Ethiopia as well as her study of the Cambridge public schools through attendance of school board meetings. Through these experiences she emphasizes the potential social harms of inequitable algorithmic design in her work. Throughout 2019 Abebe served on the National Institutes of Health Working Group, which was tasked with developing a comprehensive report and recommendations for the NIH. meworks for examining questions related to inequality and distributive justice; founder of the multi-institutional extradisciplinary research initiatives MD4SG & Black in AI; works with the Ethiopian government to improve the algorithm they use to match H.S. students with colleges;

In December 2020, Gebru was the center of a public controversy stemming from her abrupt and contentious departure from Google as technical co-lead of the Ethical Artificial Intelligence Team. Higher management had requested she withdraw an as-yet-unpublished paper or remove the names of all Google coauthors, and said that the paper ignored recent research. She requested insight into the decision and warned that non-compliance would result in her negotiating her departure. Google terminated her employment immediately, stating they were accepting her resignation. Gebru has been recognized widely for her expertise in the ethics of artificial intelligence.

Anderson is a cofounder of Syntience Inc, an independent and privately funded Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Research company founded in 2004. They focus on Deep Neural Network based Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and have developed a superfast algorithm for learning human languages called Organic Learning (OL). Under certain constraints they can claim that OL can learn a useful amount of any language on the planet in five minutes of unsupervised learning from a plaintext 5MB Unicode corpus when running on an old x86 laptop without using a GPU. They are productizing this capability as a RESTful cloud server named Understanding Machine One.

Snyder was one of the first computer scientists to specialize in cybersecurity, and to proactively try to bridge the gap between corporations and the security researchers often termed 'hackers.' She has been a top security officer at Square, Inc.,[2] Apple, Fastly, Intel and Mozilla Corporation. She was also a senior security strategist at Microsoft. She is co-author of Threat Modeling, a standard manual on application security.

In 1997, Sweeney conducted her first re-identification experiment wherein she successfully identified the then Governor of Massachusetts, Bill Weld, to his medical records using publicly accessible records. Her results had a significant impact on privacy centered policy making including the health privacy legislation Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). However publication of the experiment was rejected twenty times. The several re-identification experiments she conducted after this were met with serious publication challenges as well. In 1998 Sweeney and her colleague Pierangela Samarati introduced k-anonymity, as it relates to a property possessed by certain anonymized data. A release of data is said to have the k-anonymity property if the information for each person contained in the release cannot be distinguished from at least k - 1 individuals whose information also appear in the release. In that same year Sweeney published a now famous example about data de-anonymization, demonstrating that a medical dataset that was in the public domain, can be used to identify individuals, regardless the removal of all explicit identifiers, when the medical dataset was combined with a public voter list. Sweeney found that 87% of the US population in a censorship dataset, can be identified by combining data attributes which are known as quasi-identifiers.

In 2001, Sweeney founded the Data Privacy Lab at Carnegie Mellon University. This program is dedicated to teaching and research in areas related to privacy technology. Some of the projects currently underway in the Data Privacy Lab at Harvard School are related to re-identification, discrimination in online ads, privacy-enhanced linking, fingerprint capture, genomic privacy and complex-care patients. The Data Privacy Lab at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte conducts research in various areas like privacy preserving data mining, privacy issues in social networks, privacy aware database generation for software testing and privacy and anonymity in data integration and dissemination.

Boccafuso's primary research focus is designing and developing new socially assistive robots to improve therapeutic outcomes in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Her work also includes exploring novel, sensor-based techniques that advance the utility, safety and acceptance of robots working in close proximity to humans. Laura’s current research features the use of robust robots in free play contexts to autonomously measure differences in emotion response and emotion recognition in toddlers with ASD, validating a new technique for remotely detecting subtle affective state changes to improve the adaptivity of a socially assistive robot and examining the efficacy of novel human-robot interaction design to improve social skills in school-aged children.

During her work programming the ENIAC, Antonelli is credited with the invention of the subroutine. Together with her Eniac colleagues, she developed subroutines, nesting & other fundamental programming techniques & invented the discipline of programming digital computers. She was one of the operators on the Los Alamos nuclear calculations. Antonelli led the group of programmers who converted ENIAC into a stored program computer by March 1948.

Bartik and other human computers had been manually calculating trajectories for the army at the start of World War II. When the Electronic Numeric Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was developed, these calculations could be done by the new electronic computer. Bartik applied to become part of the project and was selected to be one of its first programmers along with five other women (Betty Holberton, Marlyn Wescoff, Kathleen McNulty, Ruth Teitelbaum, and Frances Spence). They were known as the "Sensational Six." While the six women worked on ENIAC, they developed subroutines, nesting, and other fundamental programming techniques, and arguably invented the discipline of programming digital computers.

Holberton invented breakpoints in computer debugging. She was one of those who wrote the first generative programming system (SORT/MERGE). Holberton used a deck of playing cards to develop the decision tree for the binary sort function, and wrote the code to employ a group of ten tape drives to read and write data as needed during the process.

Along with Marlyn Meltzer, Teitelbaum was part of a special area of the ENIAC project to calculate ballistic trajectory equations using analog technology. They taught themselves and others certain functions of the ENIAC and helped prepare the ballistics software.

Astigarraga was offered a internship with IBM Systems Group. Her internship work at IBM gave her perspective in STEM and sparked her software engineering journey. Astigarraga is an Architect/Developer currently working in IBM Watson Research. She has designed and built one of the first Enterprise Blockchain Solution Implementations. Astigarraga is also an IBM Master Inventor with over 84 patents filed. She is passionate about mentoring youth for STEM K-12 outreach.

Her research paper, Tell Me More: Designing HRI to Encourage More Trust, Disclosure, and Companionship (2016) found that vulnerability and expressivity may improve peoples' relationships with robots. In this study, Nneji and her team engaged high school students with robots with low/high vulnerability and low/high expressivity in a learning activity. They found that students were more trusting of vulnerable robots and more communicative with expressive robots. She has also done further research in robotics automation human-centered design & autonomous transportation; founded AKALAKA an information education & support group for people caring for siblings; 2020 co-founded (with her sister) & Director of The Monica Chibuogu Nneji Foundation-a nonprofit that alleviates poverty through health equity educational advice & community empowerment

Cultural competence & DEI (diversity, equity, & inclusion) are main focuses of her research. focuses on identity & cultural competence in computing; developed Computer Science Attitude & Identity Survey to measure the impact of ethnic identity on student attitudes toward & pursuit & persistence in computer science. Author of The Computer Science Attitude and Identity Survey (CSAIS): A Novel Tool for Measuring the Impact of Ethnic Identity in Underrepresented Computer Science Students.

She was a long-time executive, usability leader and key spokesperson for Google (employee No. 20).[5][6][7] Mayer later co-founded Sunshine, a startup technology company.[8]

She has also directed Tennessee State's Project MISET (Minorities in Science, Engineering, and Technology)

Parker is a leading researcher on the interdisciplinary study of human computer interaction (HCI) and personal health information. She designs and evaluates the impact of computer software tools that help people manage their health & wellness through technology. Together with colleagues she developed OrderUP!, a game created to help people make smart choices when ordering food. She has also researched the role of digital fitness trackers and their impact on motivation, and behavioral change.

Reiche made the documentation preservation and public dissemination of the Nazca Lines her life's work; was instrumental in their designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Sit in 1994 & getting the Peruvian governemnt to help preserve them

"Wrote a textbook ""Science of Man's Environment-Principles of Science & Technology for Environment Marine Engineering & Ocean Science Technology "" 1986; helped develop job opportunities for minorities in marine science & oceanography established & operated Marine Science Technology program at Washington Technical Institute (later part of University of the District of Columbia); helped establish seminar ""Passing the Bar"" Testing Techniques enabling more minority students to pass the bar exam"

known for Aquatic radiochemistry using various biochemical indicators to interpret past events impacting marine estuarine & freshwater environments in the Arctic & coastal regions of Georgia Florida & Puerto Rico; founding CEO/Superintendent of Cirrus Academy a statewide STEAM (Science Technology Engineering Arts & Mathematics) charter school system in Georgia; life coach to minority students in STEM; participates in numerous diversity-focused initiatives in marine/oceanic academia to increase opportunities for minorities

played a key role in creating the first GIS data model for the oceans